School free essay sample

What are a few difficulties of joining visual components in specialized guidelines or manuals? The greatest test is the point at which you use visuals components you need to pick the correct ones that are identified with the subject or the theme you are expounding on. It’s essential to pick cautiously when utilizing visual components in manuals since you need to utilize ones that are explicit to clarify your places of the subject. For what reason are visuals significant? It’s significant in light of the fact that it will show the amount you comprehend the theme you are disclosing to other people, and it will make it simple for the peruser to comprehend what the author is attempting to clarify. For a model, I am taking a gander at a bassinet, and I don’t get one or not many of the means, if there are a few pictures it would be simple for me to take a gander at the photos and I can apply it to the lodging, however in the event that there are no pictures than I will be lost and It would take me longer. We will compose a custom article test on School or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Are there times when it is improper to incorporate visuals? Clarify your answers. I purchased my three years of age child a bunk, they have two pieces of a manual the first is disclosing how to assemble the den yet it has no pictures, so I made a decent attempt I got a portion of the lodging right.I was made in light of the fact that I didn't perceive any pictures to tell me the best way to put the den up; I was going to restore the bed since they did exclude any pictures on the most proficient method to do it. I improve when I see an image than read the clarification, and it took me around two hours to get it yet no karma. I glanced in the container once and for all and I found the paper I was searching for, the one that has pictures on the best way to fix the bunk bit by bit. It completed the den inside an hour and my child kid was dozing in it. I think having visual components in manuals is significant.

The History of the Genocide in the Rwandan

Presentation The Rwanda destruction that happened in 1994 prompted the loss of around 800,000 existences of the Tutsi people group. The death of the president Juvenal Habyarimana set off the decimation where the Hutu civilian army along with the Rwandan military sorted out orderly assaults on the Tutsi who were the minority ethnic gathering in Rwanda.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The History of the Genocide in the Rwandan explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Rwandan massacre was very weird since it was a fast mass killing, which prompted the loss of around 800,000 lives in only 100 days. The United States of America president around then Bill Clinton during his visit to Rwanda apologized and told the Tutsi that he felt like others â€Å"†¦who didn't completely value the profundity and the speed with which you were being overwhelmed by this unfathomable terror† (Power Para. 7). The Rwanda annihilation turns into the outrageou s massacre that happened in the twentieth century. This article investigates the historical backdrop of the massacre, the thinking of the Hutu government and sets up why the worldwide network didn't intercede. History of the Genocide Hutu and Tutsi are the two clans of Rwanda who have consistently been political adversaries, battling for power since freedom in 1952. Belgians who colonized Rwanda supported Tutsi while they ignored the Hutu, however after autonomy, Hutu started to appreciate the benefits of the administration. â€Å"†¦independence introduced three many years of Hutu rule, under which Tutsi were efficiently oppressed and occasionally exposed to floods of slaughtering and ethnic cleansing† (Power Para. 17). Numerous Tutsi went to oust in the neighboring nations and framed dissidents who continually assaulted the Hutu government. In 1990, Tutsi shaped the Rwanda Patriotic Front, which assaulted the Hutu government prompting the Rwandan common war. The Rwandan common war prompted the marking of the Arusha Accord that constrained the Rwandan government, which Hutu ruled, to shape an administration of national solidarity by consolidating minimized Tutsi and the Hutu who were in restriction. For the acknowledgment of harmony, the sending United Nation peacekeepers helped in disarmament of the regular folks for Tutsi and Hutu to live in concordance. Hutu believed that the Tutsi and the Belgians needed to subjugate them again as during colonization and they promised never to concur with the conditions of the Arusha Accord. By 1993, â€Å"Hutu radicals dismissed these terms and set out to threaten Tutsi and those Hutu government officials strong of the harmony procedure †¦thousands Rwandans were executed, and nearly 9,000 were kept while weapons, explosives, and cleavers started showing up by the planeload† (Power Para. 18).Advertising Looking for exposition on government? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your fir st paper with 15% OFF Learn More Subsequent intermittent assaults on Tutsi set up for the decimation in 1994. At that point, there was obvious militarization of Hutu in status to eradicate the Tutsi and Belgian peacekeepers, who the Hutu saw as their foes. The death of the Rwandan president Juvenal Habyarimana activated deliberate mass killings of Tutsi by the Hutu military where they killed around 800,000 Tutsi in around 100 days. In spite of the fact that numerous ambassadors saw it as common war, they adjust found though late, that decimation had happened. Presently the decimation is an extraordinary scar in the place that is known for Rwanda. Hutu Government Hutu government developed after freedom in 1952. Before the freedom, the Tutsi delighted in much benefit from the provincial government since they helped out the Belgians in subverting the Hutu battles for autonomy. In this way, the Hutu government contemplated that Tutsi were their foes and they battled them both strategica lly and by utilization of military. Majority rules system was hard to accomplish in light of the fact that ideological groups and Tutsi were insubordinate to the Hutu government and it saw them as dissenters. The animosity of the Hutu and the Tutsi became doable when the Hutu government in three decades successively victimized the Tutsi clan prompting their outcast. â€Å"In 1990 a gathering of outfitted outcasts, principally Tutsi, who had been grouped on the Ugandan outskirt, attacked Rwanda†¦next quite a while the revolutionaries, known as the Rwandan Patriotic Front made progress against Hutu government forces† (Power Para. 16). After the Rwandan common war, the Hutu government understood that the Tutsi were an extraordinary danger to their legislature and their reality, subsequently conceived approaches to eliminate them. The Hutu government likewise saw the marking of the Arusha Accord that prompted the arrangement of administration of national solidarity as a plan to oust them out of government. The Arusha Accord was only a paper as the then United Nations right hand official; Beardsley admitted that, â€Å"we traveled to Rwanda with a Michelin guide, a duplicate of the Arusha understanding, and that was it †¦ under the feeling that the circumstance was very direct; there was one strong government side and one firm revolutionary side† (Power Para. 21).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The History of the Genocide in the Rwandan explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Hutu radicals in the legislature dismissed the execution of the Arusha Accord and didn't actualize it exactly. Subsequently, any individual who was supporting the Arusha Accord turned into an adversary to the Hutu government. The Hutu government contemplated that Tutsi, resistance pioneers and outside negotiators needed to oust them from the administration, hence sorted out efficient mass killings as a method of shielding their its standard. The death of their leader was an away from of a plan to topple the legislature. Worldwide Community The global network didn't mediate in the Rwanda annihilation on account of the administrations in their arrangements. For example, the United States international strategy didn't accommodate Bill Clinton to mediate the event of Rwanda destruction. George Bush in 2000 gave his announcement concerning Rwanda that, â€Å"I don’t like destruction, yet I would not submit our soldiers †¦ annihilation could happen again tomorrow and we wouldn’t react to any differently† (Power Para. 40). The international strategies of the United States are brimming with organizations and that is the reason it took long for them to react however with expressions of remorse that couldn't help. They didn't consider Rwanda massacre as a philanthropic emergency, in this way, they stayed silent while 8000 lives are lost for every day. There were moderate reactions from the univ ersal network on the grounds that the circumstance of Rwanda was a mix of common war and decimation. Force contends that, â€Å"it is genuine that the exact nature and degree of the butcher was darkened by the common war, the withdrawal of U.S. conciliatory sources, some befuddled press detailing, and the lies of the Rwandan government† (Para. 26). Different countries depended on the United Nations and the United States of America however they all stayed silent leaving them to depend on befuddling news from the Rwandan government and the media. On the off chance that the universal network could have interceded, it could be advocated as a compassionate war since it could have spared numerous lives Conclusion The Rwandan decimation is a stunning encounter to the world since it portrays how human lives can be lost in such a cruel way. The circumstance of Rwanda turned out to be a lot of more terrible as the universal network never reacted viably to spare the situation.Advertisin g Searching for article on government? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The global network never envisioned that mass killings of that degree would happen the same number of felt that what was going on was only a typical common war. In this way, ethnical legislative issues of Rwanda and the universal network are answerable for the event and the degree of the destruction. Works Cited Power, Samantha. â€Å"Bystanders to Genocide.† The Atlantic Monthly 288.2 September 2001. Web. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/file/2001/09/onlookers to-destruction/304571/ This paper on The History of the Genocide in the Rwandan was composed and put together by client Zion Mcguire to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Gilamesh and Eygptian poetry Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gilamesh and Eygptian verse - Coursework Example These properties mellow Gilgamesh and they become quick companions. Gilgamesh lives to overcome, ideally in the spotlight so everybody can see his quality. As he develops all through the story, this inclination blurs as he gets mindful of the mortality of every living thing. The three subjects weave together to add stream to the epic sonnet. 3. Enkidu is the foil for Gilgamesh since he doesn't regard common wealth or favor. He acknowledges the benefits of human advancement, having once been a wild man, yet he doesn't look for self-magnification as does Gilgamesh. Where Gilgamesh is audacious, Enkidu is wary and humble. A definitive foil gave by Enkidu is his passing contrary to Gilgamesh’s apparently indestructible nature. 4. Gilgamesh experiences stone scorpions and a ferryman on his mission to acquire eternality. He is additionally tested to remain wakeful for seven days and six evenings. To changing degrees, Gilgamesh neglects to beat every one of these impediments. 5. Gilgamesh’s devastation of the ferryman’s vessel is ordinary conduct for him. He is utilized to simply yelling and harassing to get his direction. All the while, he pulverizes the very thing he needs to achieve his journey. He appears as though the kind of character that is given to making a move before he thoroughly considers the entirety of the outcomes of the activity. 6. The divine beings took chamber against the people they annihilated in light of the fact that their administration not, at this point satisfied them. People were made to serve the divine beings and do their will, yet the divine beings were not assuaged. They lamented their committee after they annihilated all the living things of the earth aside from Utnapishtim, his significant other and all the creatures, gold, silver and so forth. Fortunately one of the divine beings told the dividers of Utnapistim’s house (not really the human) that he should construct an immense vessel to hold these things in light of the fact that a flood was coming. 7. Gilgamesh neglects to remain wakeful in heaven for six days and seven evenings. He additionally neglects to eat the enchanted plant that he recovered

Anne Geddes Essay Example For Students

Anne Geddes Essay Diana Tieman Born and brought up in Queensland, Australia, Anne Geddes has consistently been keen on the quality that a photographic picture could hold. One of the universes generally regarded and effective expert picture takers, Anne has gotten the creative mind and hearts of individuals around the globe. Her extraordinary, grant winning pictures of youngsters show up on welcome cards, schedules, books, fixed, photograph collections, and an assortment of other fine items, and are at present distributed in more than 50 nations, including North America, Europe, and British Isles, Australia, New Zealand, South America, and Asia. Around 11 million books in addition to a lot progressively a great many other non-book items have been sold around the world. As of not long ago, Anne Geddes review of great pictures actually chose from her assemblage of work, has surprised Europe. Imprinted in seven dialects, it turned into a quick well known and basic achievement, showing up on The Sunday Times Bestseller List in the UK, turning into the #1 Best-selling Illustrated Book in France, reproduced multiple times in two months in Germany, was a smash hit in Holland, and was republished in each nation wherein it was propelled. Annes basically perceived blessing book Down in the Garden, has sold more than 1 million duplicates around the world. The #1 blessing book in the United States in 1996, it cleared to #3 on The New York Times smash hit list, and stayed there for over 3 months. (It came back to The New York Times Bestseller list in May 1997). Discharged in 1998, Little Thoughts With Love joins Annes momentous pictures of youngsters with her preferred citations from Eleanor Roosevelt, Hans Christian Anderson, Mother Teresa and others, chose by and by Anne for her book. The idioms mirror the delight and miracle of life that she catches in her exceptional pictures. Annes work keeps on gathering applause and references. Anne was granted a Lifetime Membership in the Professional Photographers of America in 1997, after a discourse she provided for the national get together in Las Vegas. In March of that year, she got in Auckland, New Zealand, and Honorary Fellowship with the New Zealand Institute of Professional Photographers (NZIPP) in acknowledgment of her extraordinary style of photography and her achievement in the distributing business in New Zealand and expansive. Notwithstanding amassing the most merits at any point granted to an individual picture taker at the New Zealand Institute of Professional Photographers rivalries (in the past NZPPA), Anne was the primary lady to have earned a Fellowship from the Institute through its honor framework. Extra gold and silver benefits have added the prized Gold Bar to her Fellowship status. She additionally has won various distinctions in the Agfa Photokina rivalry, just as the AGFA/NZIPP Professional Photography rivalries. In 1997, she applied her creative skill to another scene, coordinating two TV advertisements enlivened by her pictures for a main United States retailer. These advertisements collected Gold Awards Presentations in Chicago in1997. The Calendar Marketing Association granted her 1996 schedules and date books two gold honors and one bronze. In late 1991, Anne consolidated her enthusiasm for making a schedule of her pictures with her duty to giving back. Helping a noticeable New Zealand character in her gathering pledges endeavors for the benefit of the anticipation of kid misuse, Anne raised over $50,000 for this reason through deals of her 1992 schedule. From that point forward, yearly Anne Geddes schedule releases have been blockbusters, and assigned assets have been given to help forestall youngster maltreatment in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. At the core of her prosperity is Annes profound and diligent love of kids. Her extraordinary creative vision distils all we appreciate in kids. Together, Anne and her better half, Kel Geddes, are executives of two organizations: The Especially Kids Company Limited, established in Auckland in 1991, which incorporates Annes studio and is liable for all picture creation, and Kel Geddes Management Limited, which has the obligation regarding all showcasing, advancement, business organization activities, and the creation of books, schedules, and different things. .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .postImageUrl , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:hover , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:visited , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:active { border:0!important; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:active , .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ubdb4df138c83161 dd82c8d36e56ff595 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ubdb4df138c83161dd82c8d36e56ff595:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Chem Lab Report EssayAnne and Kel live in New Zealand with their two little girls.

Loneliness and Friendship in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers

The tale Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck depicts the life of a man and his closest companion who has the attitude of a youngster. Their fellowship is extremely solid and this is abnormal because of different characters in the book being desolate. Each time George and Lennie figure out how to stick a vocation out, Lennie commits an error and they are driven out. In any case, they trust after the entirety of their extraordinary work that they can at last have their fantasy and get a spot they can call their own. Through numerous troubles and hardships they figure out how to manage the contentions and absence of friendship at their work environment. Between the two key subjects of companionship and dejection Steinbeck makes the novel Of Mice and Men a genuine achievement. One of the manners in which Steinbeck builds up the subject of forlornness is through setting itself. Area one of the book is set at a wonderful and serene stream a couple of miles south of Soledad. The initial four letters sole significance as it were. Likewise Soledad implies desolate spot in Spanish. The stream appears to be confined and separated. There’s only nature. It’s an amicable and serene spot. A clearing so tranquil you could barely hear anything at all. It’s additionally the spot George advises Lennie to meet him on the off chance that he gets into any kind of difficulty. This is a finished complexity to where the remainder of the book is essentially set. A farm where George and Lennie the two primary characters figure out how to look for some kind of employment. The farm shows segregation primarily through the moves characters make and the occasions that occur. Characters in the novel likewise add to the comprehension of the topic of depression. George Milton and Lennie Small are the two primary characters in the novel. They resemble two parts. â€Å"The first man was little and brisk, dim of face, with fretful eyes and sharp solid features.† George is the littler of the two men however has dealt with Lennie for some time, since Lennie’s Aunt Clara kicked the bucket and this features the subject of companionship. He is the more educated one of the two. â€Å"You insane bastard. You keep me in boiling water all the time.† George gets somewhat disturbed with Lennie now and again yet cares for him regardless. Their companionship is strong needs to look out for him consistently, as Lennie is unequipped for caring for himself and is one of the numerous characters who doesn’t change at all through the novel.

Lesson Learned in Warfare Essay example -- Warfare

This paper inspects exercises discovered that are ageless in their importance for a wide range of fighting as for the exercise materials examined in the Warfare Studies course. The primary exercise discovered that this paper looks at is the United States’ versatility because of changing nature of fighting. The United States has encountered different sorts of fighting running from war of destruction, war of whittling down, or fourth-age fighting; the United States has no recognizable American method of war. Second, this paper takes a gander at the significance and suffering nature of fourth-age fighting and counterinsurgency activities. These occasions are setting down deep roots and will be huge later on clashes. The third exercise learned talks about America’s lack of foresight and groundwork for steadiness, security, progress, and reproduction tasks (SSTR) and showed the need to maintain a strategic distance from stovepiped, single office arranging. The clear absence of anticipating SSTR activities seriously confounded and expanded the United States strategic Iraq. Fourth, America should consistently endeavor to be on the bleeding edge and keep up mechanical prevalence over our foes all together over secure extraordinary preferences. Be that as it may, the United States can't exclusively depend on innovative smart military to make progress. The last exercise learned talks about the developing pertinence of data IOP as a useful asset of war and its significance in molding general conclusion. The main exercise learned is the flexibility of United States to advancing nature of fighting. Versatility is a trademark of the American method of war. The American method of war is generally connected with war of demolition in which focuses on definitive triumph or war of steady loss in which points fo... ...ia and Military Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA: US Army War College, 2008. Murray, Williamson. â€Å"Decisive Battle and the Ghost of Napoleon.† Marine Corps Gazette 84, no. 7 (July 2000): 36-37. Parker, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Western Way of War.† In History of Warfare: The Triumph of the West, 2-9. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Day off, M. what's more, Dennis M. Drew. Making Twenty-first Century Strategy: An Introduction to Modern National Security Processes and Problems. Maxwell AFB, AL.: Air University Press (January 2006). Ulrich, Marybeth P., â€Å"A Primer on Civil-Military Relations for Senior Leaders.† In US Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy. third ed. Altered by J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. Carlisle Barracks, PA.: US Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute (June 2008): 241-252.

Top Blog Posts of 2015

Top Blog Posts of 2015 2015 has had its ups and downs for pretty much everyone on planet earth. From little victories to large setbacks, everybodys gone through something. As we move onto 2016, I like to think about what in my own life the past year went well, what didnt go well, and what I couldve done better. But, as much as we can learn from ourselves, I believe we can also learn a lot from each other. The MIT Admissions bloggers are but a small sliver of the voices at MIT, and yet we capture many of the experiences, hardships, accomplishments, and adversity that can occur inside and outside of campus and college. The following is an unordered list of some of our top and most widely viewed blog posts of 2015. Within them youll find the achievements, setbacks, laughs, cries, revelations, and advice of not just the current bloggers but from their friends, family, and the people around them. January 2015 East Campus, A Home by Dannie B.D. 15 Merit by Chelsea R. 15 February 2015 Blizzard Barbecuing by Natnael G. 15 Hilberts Third Problem (A Story of Threes)  by  Lydia K. 14 IHTFP A Journey of Depression at MIT by Rachel D. 16 March 2015 ATHack by Kirsten L. 15 Is MIT too hard? by Michael C. 16 Lets All Work Together by Neerja A. 16015 A Penny for Your Thoughts by Erick P. 17 señoritis by Connie H. 15 April 2015 VEDA by Ceri R. 16 Is CPW a lie?  by Ana V. 15 May 2015 A Hard MIT Class by Vincent A. 17 How to trick yourself into thinking that youre writing a report  by  Anastassia B. 16 June 2015 The Great Dome, Marriage Equality, and a Proud Hack by Joel G. 18 The Class of 2015 Graduates from MIT by Chris Peterson July 2015 Things I Learned from Freshman Year by Selam G. 18 moving out by Allan K. 17 August 2015 dear frosh: here are the things we want you to know by Allan K. 17 The How to College Masterpost by Selam G. 18 September 2015 A suite surprise by Kevin S. 19 Test Taking at MIT by Krystal L. 17 Picture yourself as a stereotypical male  by Michelle G. 18 October 2015 Super Blood Moon Eclipse by  Sabrina M. 19 Self Help by Natasha B. 16 November 2015 What My College Essays Were [Not] by Phoebe C. 18 I never want to finish my P.E. requirement by  Anelise N. 19 November 1st is my January 1st  by Erick P. 17 December 2015 Themed Online Distractors (for EA Decision Day) by Yuliya K. 18 Tips and Tricks to MIT by  Ben O. 19

Does Marijuana Use Lead to Later Drug Abuse

Does Marijuana Use Lead to Later Drug Abuse Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print Marijuana Use Leads to Later Drug Abuse Early Smoking Influences Later Drug, Alcohol Problems By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on May 09, 2018 PhotoAlto/Sigrid Olsson/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery One of the controversies surrounding the marijuana legalization movement revolves around the question of whether marijuana is a gateway drug or not. If smoking weed does in fact lead to the use of other drugs, then legalizing the recreational use of marijuana may not be such a good idea after all. Unfortunately, there is little scientific research that definitely resolves the gateway drug debate. There have been studies that returned results on both sides of the question. One study, however, suggested that the age when someone begins to use marijuana is a key factor in whether they go on to problems with alcohol and other drugs later in life. In a study of 311 pairs of same-gender twins, researchers found that those who began marijuana use before age 17 were 2.1 to 5.2 times more likely to use other drugs or to develop alcohol or drug abuse or dependence compared to their twin who did not use marijuana before 17. Using Marijuana Before Age 17 There is a fairly long history of research showing that early cannabis (marijuana) use is associated with increased risks for later use of so-called hard drugs, but that research is based on the fact that most heroin and cocaine users report first having used cannabis, says lead author Michael T. Lynskey, Ph.D., a visiting assistant professor of psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and senior research fellow at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research in Brisbane, Australia. Lynskey said past studies have not been able to adequately control for familial factors â€" such as genetics, environment and family background â€" that may predispose people both to early marijuana use and to subsequent use of illicit drugs. In the Australian study, the researchers examined same-sex twins - some identical, some fraternal. In each of the 311 pairs of twins, one twin began using marijuana before the age of 17 and the other did not. Higher Rates of Alcohol, Drug Problems By studying twins, we were able to compare pairs of individuals of the same age, same family background and â€" in the case of identical twins â€" individuals with exactly the same genes, Lynskey explains. But these twins differed in one important respect: One had chosen to begin using cannabis before 17, but the other had not. When these 311 sets of twins were interviewed in their late 20s and early 30s, the early marijuana users had developed higher rates of problems with alcohol and other drugs. Some 46 percent reported that they later abused or became dependent upon marijuana, and 43 percent had become alcohol dependent. The early marijuana users used other drugs at higher rates, including cocaine and other stimulants (48 percent) heroin and other opioids (14 percent) and hallucinogens (35 percent). Known Risk Factors for Drug Use Controlling for other known risk factors for drug use and drug use problems, these rates were between 1.8 and 5.2 times higher than the rates we observed in the co-twins who did not begin cannabis use before 17, Lynskey says. Results were similar when comparisons were limited to identical twin pairs. Other risk factors for alcohol and other drug abuse the researchers controlled for included early-onset alcohol or tobacco use, parental conflict/separation, childhood sexual abuse, conduct disorder, major depression, and social anxiety. We actually were expecting that by using twins and controlling for genetic and familial effects, wed find the association between early use and later abuse would disappear, Lynskey says. But this study demonstrates that there is more to the relationship than we previously thought. Recognizing the Increased Risk The lead investigator Andrew Heath, D. Phil, Olin Professor of Psychiatry and director of the Missouri Alcoholism Research Center at Washington University School of Medicine, was also surprised. I think one important thing to say to the parents of a 16-year-old using marijuana is that the majority of kids who use cannabis do not go on to experience problems with drugs or alcohol, but its important that we, as parents and as a society, recognize that there is an increased risk, Heath says. It is not clear how early use of marijuana might be related to later substance problems. Although this study suggests that genetic and environmental factors alone cannot explain the risk.

5 Ways Knowledge Management Can Boost Your Business - Focus

5 Ways Knowledge Management Can Boost Your Business - Focus Every company, whether global or local, will depend on the effective sharing of information. Whether its between job applicants and hiring managers, or between COOs and their employees, effective knowledge management is vital. Heres how Onboarding employees, sharing best practices,  and communicating compliance rules are all essential for any company that wants to remain successful and productive. Teams need to ensure that information is flowing effectively across the organization, whilst also capturing this shared knowledge centrally. Fortunately, there are a number of cloud-based collaboration tools that support effective knowledge management read on for why and how to use them. 5 Ways Knowledge Management Will Benefit Your Business Below is a look at five of the major reasons why modern workplaces should strive for knowledge management excellence. Plus, we’ll give a shout-out to several SaaS companies that can take you there with intuitive, collaborative tools. 1. Knowledge Management Enables Faster and Better-Informed Decisions The chief benefit of managing and sharing information effectively is that it simply makes it easier for teams to work together. And we dont just mean from a practical standpoint. Sharing information can be critical for concurrent workflows and teams to function effectively. Plus, this kind of synergy is important from a cultural perspective, too. Information management and sharing  foster trust where companies need it most: at the intersection of human and corporate needs. With multiple information channels open to us, business leaders can make decisions faster. Mid-level employees can elevate their ideas or concerns more quickly, and opportunities or problems can be addressed as soon as they arise. In turn, the enterprise benefits. Mission-critical information moves faster along the chain and by routinely sharing information, the whole organization grows closer, increasing collaboration and trust. 2. Knowledge Management Helps Build Employee Expertise Diversity is, quite rightly, a big focus of many corporates these days. When it comes to nonprofit, corporate and government-based work, it’s vital that a diverse group of people, with diverse backgrounds and perspectives, bring ideas (and criticisms) to the table. Plus, theres plenty of data behind it. Recent findings from collaboration specialist Thomas Malone found that diverse teams, particularly teams with more women, are able to work together better and come to more intelligent decisions.   The importance of diversity is also clear when we drill down and look at the workplace as a microcosm of the larger world.  Companies that fail to chase new ideas and innovative approaches dont last. More thoughtful companies come along and sweep their market share right out from under them. What makes these companies thoughtful? Creative fearlessness, for a start â€" plus also strong diversity in their cultures. To support your teams in taking bold approaches, you need to provide them with the resources they need to thrive. Heres where knowledge management becomes less of an ideal and more of a regular practice.  With the right incentivization, like tuition assistance, you can encourage employees to take training to develop their knowledge. Then, you can encourage these employees to disseminate their newly acquired knowledge internally too, sharing knowledge further. 3. Knowledge Management Helps Avoid Duplicated Work Managing your company information â€" and sharing it through employee learning opportunities, cross-training,  and better intra-company communications â€" can, and will help you build richer skill sets among your employees. But its also key to helping you avoid employee redundancy. Lets explain. The velocity of information in your company or organization has a very real relationship with  the amount of duplicated effort you tend to waste. If you have multiple teams working in isolation and theyre both starting on the same piece of work from scratch, thats wasted effort. If teams instead communicate their work to one another, teams can share their knowledge and avoid duplicated projects.   For this, you need a team and company-wide culture of sharing information. By enabling transparent project planning and creating more opportunities for teams to communicate, teams can remain up-to-date on the latest projects and plans. This allows teams to share information about what theyre working on, how theyre doing it and whether there are opportunities for collaboration. Granted, there are more structured â€" and, in some cases, software-assisted â€" methods of doing this, too, which well come to. 4. Knowledge Management Prevents Knowledge Hoarding Employee turnover can make it difficult for growth-focused companies to maintain momentum. However, enforcing the correct knowledge management processes can be challenging. “To some degree, withholding knowledge seems to stem from the belief that giving up valuable information will decrease one’s perceived value to his or her employer,”  notes William Craig of digital marketing firm  WebFX. “For example, if one employee always makes more sales than the rest of his team, he likely looks very valuable to management. Therefore, if he shares his knowledge with the team, that employee may fear the whole team will make more sales and he’ll no longer stand out.” As a result, it’s important for leadership teams to share the importance of knowledge management and enforce the relevant processes. Remember that knowledge management and knowledge sharing are key elements to  company continuity throughout uncertain times. If you do happen to shed one or more employees due to budget constraints or voluntary departures, you’ll be prepared. By ensuring other employees are at the ready with similar backgrounds, expertise levels and knowledge, you can ensure the company continues unaffected. 5. Knowledge Management Promotes a Sense of Inclusive Achievement Weve already discussed some of the practical benefits of knowledge sharing. Employees who have better access to information, and who feel more empowered to do their tasks, end up being more productive, confident and engaged. However, some of the other benefits are a little harder to quantify. When you have better company-wide communication and when employees have the know-how, autonomy and trust of management to undertake their tasks effectively, thats when you truly foster a sense of inclusive achievement. You can call it the democratization of information, a social workplace or a flatter company structure. Either way, the result is a group of people who have the tools and willingness to work more closely together. Your team will remain invested in each other and the total outcome as a team, beyond simply making a living. If that all sounds good to you, lets continue with some tools to help active and ambitious workplaces create an environment thats even more conducive to knowledge management and sharing. 4 Tools to Help Your Teams Share Knowledge More Effectively 1. Communication: Slack Effective and timely communication between employees is the gold standard for knowledge sharing. Although any modern organization can work towards creating a shared resource library or knowledge database, some of the best examples of knowledge sharing actually happen spontaneously. For that, your company needs an intuitive, reliable communication tool, to share information and knowledge seamlessly Slack is a favorite for many, including at MeisterLabs. 2. Task Management: MeisterTask Meeting deadlines and completing tasks in a standardized, transparent way is often not just a matter of work ethic, but also a matter of understanding the necessary processes to get there. By using a tool like MeisterTask, your teams project roadmap is transparent, meaning teams can  build knowledge sharing directly into your project management process. As teams can manage their tasks and projects in one central place, teams have quick access to a birds eye view of project and task progress. This level of transparency also has the added bonus of ensuring team members don’t accidentally duplicate work. With all tasks shared transparently, team members can quickly see what tasks their coworkers are already tackling. 3. Cloud-Based File Storage:  Google Drive Often, knowledge sharing occurs in the form of documents changing hands. Perhaps you want to provide feedback on a colleagues report or see the latest numbers on quarterly growth. Whatever the asset, youll want it to be the most up-to-date version and quickly available. Fortunately, there are a number of cloud-based,  file sharing solutions to help you store, share and collaborate, whether based in the same office or in another time zone. Google Drive is an industry favorite for this. 4. Collaborative Idea Sharing: MindMeister Weve written quite a bit about knowledge maps on the blog before, as mind maps provide a great way to brainstorm and share, as well as store knowledge and ideas. With online brainstorming software such as MindMeister available, teams can create a central, secure home for all new ideas. Whats more, the use of knowledge maps doesnt end at creative ideation. Mind maps can help you on-board new staff, share a project plan or visualize a strategy, all in an online, collaborative way. In Short: Knowledge Management Requires a Cultural and Technological Approach To better manage and share information within your organization, youll need to support two areas: Cultural: Teams should make hiring decisions based on an applicants interest in collaboration,    their openness,  and forthrightness, as well as their ability to solve problems. Knowledge sharing is a soft skill, alongside effective communication, both of which should play a key role  in modern hiring decisions. Technological:  Modern businesses must recognize and invest in good organizational and communication tools that support knowledge management. Your companys experience and ability to innovate is its lifeline, and sometimes you need a helping hand to keep that pulse healthy. Hopefully, now, you feel a little more informed and empowered on both of these approaches to supporting knowledge management. Whether its to make your company more resilient or bring your teams closer together procedurally and socially, knowledge management may well be the missing piece of the puzzle. You might also enjoy: 6 Simple Tips for Effective Team Management Award-Winning Task ManagementFor Productive Teams Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask 5 Ways Knowledge Management Can Boost Your Business - Focus Every company, whether global or local, will depend on the effective sharing of information. Whether its between job applicants and hiring managers, or between COOs and their employees, effective knowledge management is vital. Heres how Onboarding employees, sharing best practices,  and communicating compliance rules are all essential for any company that wants to remain successful and productive. Teams need to ensure that information is flowing effectively across the organization, whilst also capturing this shared knowledge centrally. Fortunately, there are a number of cloud-based collaboration tools that support effective knowledge management read on for why and how to use them. 5 Ways Knowledge Management Will Benefit Your Business Below is a look at five of the major reasons why modern workplaces should strive for knowledge management excellence. Plus, we’ll give a shout-out to several SaaS companies that can take you there with intuitive, collaborative tools. 1. Knowledge Management Enables Faster and Better-Informed Decisions The chief benefit of managing and sharing information effectively is that it simply makes it easier for teams to work together. And we dont just mean from a practical standpoint. Sharing information can be critical for concurrent workflows and teams to function effectively. Plus, this kind of synergy is important from a cultural perspective, too. Information management and sharing  foster trust where companies need it most: at the intersection of human and corporate needs. With multiple information channels open to us, business leaders can make decisions faster. Mid-level employees can elevate their ideas or concerns more quickly, and opportunities or problems can be addressed as soon as they arise. In turn, the enterprise benefits. Mission-critical information moves faster along the chain and by routinely sharing information, the whole organization grows closer, increasing collaboration and trust. 2. Knowledge Management Helps Build Employee Expertise Diversity is, quite rightly, a big focus of many corporates these days. When it comes to nonprofit, corporate and government-based work, it’s vital that a diverse group of people, with diverse backgrounds and perspectives, bring ideas (and criticisms) to the table. Plus, theres plenty of data behind it. Recent findings from collaboration specialist Thomas Malone found that diverse teams, particularly teams with more women, are able to work together better and come to more intelligent decisions.   The importance of diversity is also clear when we drill down and look at the workplace as a microcosm of the larger world.  Companies that fail to chase new ideas and innovative approaches dont last. More thoughtful companies come along and sweep their market share right out from under them. What makes these companies thoughtful? Creative fearlessness, for a start â€" plus also strong diversity in their cultures. To support your teams in taking bold approaches, you need to provide them with the resources they need to thrive. Heres where knowledge management becomes less of an ideal and more of a regular practice.  With the right incentivization, like tuition assistance, you can encourage employees to take training to develop their knowledge. Then, you can encourage these employees to disseminate their newly acquired knowledge internally too, sharing knowledge further. 3. Knowledge Management Helps Avoid Duplicated Work Managing your company information â€" and sharing it through employee learning opportunities, cross-training,  and better intra-company communications â€" can, and will help you build richer skill sets among your employees. But its also key to helping you avoid employee redundancy. Lets explain. The velocity of information in your company or organization has a very real relationship with  the amount of duplicated effort you tend to waste. If you have multiple teams working in isolation and theyre both starting on the same piece of work from scratch, thats wasted effort. If teams instead communicate their work to one another, teams can share their knowledge and avoid duplicated projects.   For this, you need a team and company-wide culture of sharing information. By enabling transparent project planning and creating more opportunities for teams to communicate, teams can remain up-to-date on the latest projects and plans. This allows teams to share information about what theyre working on, how theyre doing it and whether there are opportunities for collaboration. Granted, there are more structured â€" and, in some cases, software-assisted â€" methods of doing this, too, which well come to. 4. Knowledge Management Prevents Knowledge Hoarding Employee turnover can make it difficult for growth-focused companies to maintain momentum. However, enforcing the correct knowledge management processes can be challenging. “To some degree, withholding knowledge seems to stem from the belief that giving up valuable information will decrease one’s perceived value to his or her employer,”  notes William Craig of digital marketing firm  WebFX. “For example, if one employee always makes more sales than the rest of his team, he likely looks very valuable to management. Therefore, if he shares his knowledge with the team, that employee may fear the whole team will make more sales and he’ll no longer stand out.” As a result, it’s important for leadership teams to share the importance of knowledge management and enforce the relevant processes. Remember that knowledge management and knowledge sharing are key elements to  company continuity throughout uncertain times. If you do happen to shed one or more employees due to budget constraints or voluntary departures, you’ll be prepared. By ensuring other employees are at the ready with similar backgrounds, expertise levels and knowledge, you can ensure the company continues unaffected. 5. Knowledge Management Promotes a Sense of Inclusive Achievement Weve already discussed some of the practical benefits of knowledge sharing. Employees who have better access to information, and who feel more empowered to do their tasks, end up being more productive, confident and engaged. However, some of the other benefits are a little harder to quantify. When you have better company-wide communication and when employees have the know-how, autonomy and trust of management to undertake their tasks effectively, thats when you truly foster a sense of inclusive achievement. You can call it the democratization of information, a social workplace or a flatter company structure. Either way, the result is a group of people who have the tools and willingness to work more closely together. Your team will remain invested in each other and the total outcome as a team, beyond simply making a living. If that all sounds good to you, lets continue with some tools to help active and ambitious workplaces create an environment thats even more conducive to knowledge management and sharing. 4 Tools to Help Your Teams Share Knowledge More Effectively 1. Communication: Slack Effective and timely communication between employees is the gold standard for knowledge sharing. Although any modern organization can work towards creating a shared resource library or knowledge database, some of the best examples of knowledge sharing actually happen spontaneously. For that, your company needs an intuitive, reliable communication tool, to share information and knowledge seamlessly Slack is a favorite for many, including at MeisterLabs. 2. Task Management: MeisterTask Meeting deadlines and completing tasks in a standardized, transparent way is often not just a matter of work ethic, but also a matter of understanding the necessary processes to get there. By using a tool like MeisterTask, your teams project roadmap is transparent, meaning teams can  build knowledge sharing directly into your project management process. As teams can manage their tasks and projects in one central place, teams have quick access to a birds eye view of project and task progress. This level of transparency also has the added bonus of ensuring team members don’t accidentally duplicate work. With all tasks shared transparently, team members can quickly see what tasks their coworkers are already tackling. 3. Cloud-Based File Storage:  Google Drive Often, knowledge sharing occurs in the form of documents changing hands. Perhaps you want to provide feedback on a colleagues report or see the latest numbers on quarterly growth. Whatever the asset, youll want it to be the most up-to-date version and quickly available. Fortunately, there are a number of cloud-based,  file sharing solutions to help you store, share and collaborate, whether based in the same office or in another time zone. Google Drive is an industry favorite for this. 4. Collaborative Idea Sharing: MindMeister Weve written quite a bit about knowledge maps on the blog before, as mind maps provide a great way to brainstorm and share, as well as store knowledge and ideas. With online brainstorming software such as MindMeister available, teams can create a central, secure home for all new ideas. Whats more, the use of knowledge maps doesnt end at creative ideation. Mind maps can help you on-board new staff, share a project plan or visualize a strategy, all in an online, collaborative way. In Short: Knowledge Management Requires a Cultural and Technological Approach To better manage and share information within your organization, youll need to support two areas: Cultural: Teams should make hiring decisions based on an applicants interest in collaboration,    their openness,  and forthrightness, as well as their ability to solve problems. Knowledge sharing is a soft skill, alongside effective communication, both of which should play a key role  in modern hiring decisions. Technological:  Modern businesses must recognize and invest in good organizational and communication tools that support knowledge management. Your companys experience and ability to innovate is its lifeline, and sometimes you need a helping hand to keep that pulse healthy. Hopefully, now, you feel a little more informed and empowered on both of these approaches to supporting knowledge management. Whether its to make your company more resilient or bring your teams closer together procedurally and socially, knowledge management may well be the missing piece of the puzzle. You might also enjoy: 6 Simple Tips for Effective Team Management Award-Winning Task ManagementFor Productive Teams Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask